MongoDB find方法

源数据

{
  "uuid" : 12700004,
  "card" : 981.3000000000029,
"weixin" : { "unionId" : "o1wS90l6kHDFXY2lAPDb9bPxRZxI1", "openId" : "o9zCJ1Aat93B0UjdlCFDAWmimBcEb", "nick" : "麦袋", "sex" : 1, "avatar" : "http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/DYAIOgq83eoNcMa5gLGs9iaTYCmNqycSk5XUWzKDVfj6sPkk1Oia0YSy3SmMrcX3kxsvEu4UfiblckRo7CpM0xicKg/1321" }, "liaobe" : null, "mobile" : { "number" : "18874819762" }, "visitor" : null, "accountType" : 1, "mobileRewardReceived" : true }
MongoDB 查询数据的语法格式如下:

db.collection.find(query, projection)
query :可选,使用查询操作符指定查询条件 projection :可选,使用投影操作符指定返回的键。查询时返回文档中所有键值, 只需省略该参数即可(默认省略)

一、查询所有数据

显示所有列

db["user"].find()                # MongoDB写法
db["user"].find().pretty()       # 是find出的数据在命令行中更加美观显示,不至于太紧凑,同select * from user\G; 
select * from user;         

显示指定列

db["user"].find({},{"liaobe":1,"mobile":1}).pretty()        # 如果projection不为空,不需要查询条件时,必须键入{}    
# projection 指定哪些列显示和不显示 (0:不显示 1:显示)
select liaobe,mobile from user\G;              

查询json数据二级数据

 "mobile" : {
        "number" : "18874819762"
    },

以上数据,要查询number=18874819762的数据

db["user"].find({"mobile.number":"18874819762"}).pretty()       # 一级.二级.三级,依次类推

二、等于条件查询

db["user"].find({"accountType" : 1}).pretty()   
select * from user where accountType=1\G;

三、and

db["user"].find({"uuid" : 12700004,"accountType" : 1,"authType" : 2}).pretty()       # 多个条件用, 隔开
select * from user where uuid=12700004 and accountType=1 and authType=2\G;       

 四、or

db["user"].find(
    {
        '$or':[
                {"mobile.number":"18874819762"},
                {"weixin.unionId":"o1wS90vp2ENW2Vu-QTnHlcrdU5kA"}
            ]
    },
    {"weixin.nick":1}
).pretty()

select nick from user where number='18874819762' or unionId='o1ws90vp2ENW2Vu-QTnH1crdU5kA'

五、< <= > >= (lt lte gt gte)

db["user"].find({'card':{$lt:5}}).pretty()                             # select * from user where card < 5\G;
db["user"].find({'card':{$gt:0,$lt:5}},{"card":1}).pretty()            # select card from user where card > 0 and card <5\G;
db["user"].find({'card':{$lte:5}},{"card":1}).pretty()                # select card from user where card <=5;\G;
db["user"].find({'card':{$gte:0,$lte:5}},{"card":1}).pretty()        # select card from user where card >=0 and card <=5\G;

六、使用in,not in (in,nin)

db["user"].find({"uuid":{$in:[83405282,25594661]}},{"uuid":1,"card":1}).pretty()        # select uuid,card from user where uuid in(83405282,25594661)\G;
db["user"].find({"authType":{$nin:[2,1]}},{"uuid":1,"card":1,"authType":1}).pretty()    # select uuid,card,authType from user where authType not in(2,1)\G;

七、匹配null

db["user"].find({"liaobe":null},{"uuid":1,"weixin.nick":1,"liaobe":1}).pretty()      # select uuid,nick,liaobe from user where liaobei is null\G;

八、like(MongoDB支持正则表达式)

db["user"].find({"weixin.nick":/^随梦/},{"uuid":1,"weixin.nick":1}).pretty()       # select uuid,nick from user where nick like '随梦%'\G;
db["user"].find({"weixin.nick":/袋$/},{"uuid":1,"weixin.nick":1}).pretty()         # select uuid,nick,from user where nick like '%袋'\G;

九、distinct去重

db["user"].distinct("weixin.nick",{"weixin.nick":/^随梦/})       # select distinct(nick) from user where nick like "随梦%";

十、count统计

db["user"].find({"card":{$lt:5}}).count()                      # select count(*) from user where card <5;
db.runCommand(    {       distinct: "user",       key: "weixin.nick",       query: { card: {"$lt":5}}    } ).values.length;           # 先通过find查出数据,然后去重,最后统计

十一、排序

在 MongoDB 中使用 sort() 方法对数据进行排序,sort() 方法可以通过参数指定排序的字段,并使用 1-1 来指定排序的方式,其中 1 为升序排列,而 -1 是用于降序排列。
db["user"].find({"card":{$gt:10,$lt:20}},{"uuid":1,"weixin.nick":1,"card":1}).sort({"card":1})        # select uuid,nick,card from user where card>10 and card<20 asc;
db["user"].find({"card":{$gt:10,$lt:20}},{"uuid":1,"weixin.nick":1,"card":1}).sort({"card":-1})          # select uuid,nick,card from user where card>10 and card<20 desc;

十二、limit 

如果你需要在MongoDB中读取指定数量的数据记录,可以使用MongoDB的Limit方法,limit()方法接受一个数字参数,该参数指定从MongoDB中读取的记录条数。
db["user"].find({"card":{$gt:10,$lt:20}},{"uuid":1,"weixin.nick":1,"card":1}).sort({"card":1}).limit(5)  
posted @ 2019-05-23 18:03  碎梦重拾  阅读(24482)  评论(1编辑  收藏  举报